electric properties of solid

Solid substance a shoes electrical properties which is three types

·         Conductor

·         Insulator

·         Semiconductor

Conductor - A Solid substance in which electric current easily flow that is called conductor. Conductivity range of conductor between 10 to the power 4 into 10 to the power 7 per ohm per meter.

Insulator-A solid substance in which electric current does not flow that is called insulator. Conductivity range of insulator is between 10 to the power -20 10 to the power -10.

Semiconductor- A solid substance which is insulator on ground state but in presence of heat it works as conductor that is called semiconductor. Conductivity royal range of semiconductor is between 10 to the power minus 6 to 10 to the power 4 per ohm per meter.

Doping: - the process in which semiconductor convert into conductor after mixing impurities that is called doping. 

Ex- five A group element in silicon, third A group element doped in silicon, etc.

1.     N type semiconductor

                  As we know that silicon is a semiconductor which have four valence electron. When v A group element (P) doped with silicon for conversion of conductor then for electron of phosphorus bonded with four silicon and one unpaired electron present on phosphorus that is why, it is called electron rich impurities or n type semiconductor.

2.     P type semiconductor

As we know that silicon is a semiconductor which have four valence electron. When 3rd A  group element (Al) doped with silicon for conversion of conductor then three electron of Aluminum  on fondant with 3 silicon and one unpaired electron present on silicon that is why it is called electron poor impurities or p-type semiconductor.